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Capabilities in Practice (CiPs)

Paediatric Surgery CESR Portfolio Guide

Complete guide to the Paediatric Surgery Portfolio Pathway: 6 Capabilities in Practice (CiPs), 9 evidence sections, and a 6-year currency window. Based on official GMC Specialty Specific Guidance, published by JCST.

SSG Version: 13/05/2025

6
CiPs
9
Evidence Sections
6yr
Currency Window
800-1000p
Evidence Volume

Capabilities in Practice (CiPs)

The Paediatric Surgery SSG defines 6 Capabilities in Practice (CiPs) that Portfolio Pathway applicants must demonstrate competence in.

CiP 1

Manages an out-patient clinic

Able to perform all the administrative and clinical tasks required of a consultant surgeon in order that all patients presenting as outpatients in the specialty are care for safely and appropriately

  • Assesses and prioritises GP and inter-departmental referrals and deals correctly with inappropriate referrals
  • Assesses new and review patients using a structured history and a focused clinical examination
  • Carries out syllabus defined practical investigations or procedures within the out-patient setting
  • Adapts approach to accommodate all channels of communication
  • Takes co-morbidities into account
  • Requests appropriate investigations, does not investigate when not necessary
  • Selects patients with urgent conditions who should be admitted from clinic
  • Manages potentially difficult or challenging interpersonal situations, including breaking bad news and complaints
CiP 2

Manages the unselected emergency take

All patients with an emergency condition requiring management within the specialty. Able to perform all the administrative and clinical tasks required of a consultant surgeon in order that all patients presenting as emergencies in the specialty are cared for safely and appropriately

  • Promptly assesses acutely unwell and deteriorating patients, delivers resuscitative treatment and initial management
  • Makes a full assessment of patients by taking a structured history and by performing a focused clinical examination
  • Identifies, accounts for and manages co-morbidity in the context of the surgical presentation
  • Selects patients for conservative and operative treatment plans as appropriate
  • Demonstrates effective communication with colleagues, patients and relatives
  • Makes appropriate peri- and post-operative management plans in conjunction with anaesthetic colleagues
  • Delivers ongoing post-operative surgical care in ward and critical care settings
CiP 3

Manages ward rounds and in-patients

Manages all hospital in-patients with conditions requiring management within the specialty. Able to perform all the administrative and clinical tasks required of a consultant surgeon in order that all inpatients requiring care within the specialty are cared for safely and appropriately

  • Identifies at the start of a ward round if there are acutely unwell patients who require immediate attention
  • Ensures that all necessary members of the multi-disciplinary team are present
  • Ensures that all documentation will be available when required and interprets them appropriately
  • Identifies when the clinical course is progressing as expected and when medical or surgical complications are developing
  • Identifies and initially manages co-morbidity and medical complications
  • Contributes effectively to level 2 and level 3 care
  • Summarises important points at the end of the ward rounds
CiP 4

Manages the Operating list

All patients with conditions requiring operative treatment within the specialty. Able to perform all the administrative and clinical tasks required of a consultant surgeon in order that all patients requiring operative treatment receive it safely and appropriately

  • Selects patients appropriately for surgery, taking the surgical condition, co-morbidities, medication and investigations into account
  • Negotiates reasonable treatment options and shares decision-making with patients
  • Takes informed consent in line with national legislation
  • Arranges anaesthetic assessment as required
  • Prepares the operating list, accounting for case mix, skill mix, operating time, clinical priorities, and patient co-morbidity
  • Leads the brief and debrief and ensures all relevant points are covered
  • Ensures the WHO checklist (or equivalent) is completed
  • Undertakes the operation in a technically safe manner, using time efficiently
  • Writes a full operation note for each patient
CiP 5

Manages multi-disciplinary working

Manages all patients with conditions requiring interdisciplinary management including care within the specialty. Able to perform all the administrative and clinical tasks of a consultant surgeon in order that safe and appropriate multi-disciplinary decisions are made on all patients with conditions requiring care within the specialty.

  • Appropriately selects patients who require discussion at the multi-disciplinary team
  • Follows the appropriate administrative process
  • Deals correctly with inappropriate referrals for discussion
  • Presents relevant case history, recognising important clinical features, co-morbidities and investigations
  • Engages constructively with all members of the multi-disciplinary team in reaching an agreed management decision
  • Effectively manages potentially challenging situations such as conflicting opinions
  • Develops a clear management plan and communicates discussion outcomes
CiP 6

Assesses and manages an infant or child in a NICU/PICU environment

Able to assess infants and children on neonatal and intensive care units, recognise conditions that are best expectantly managed, and the indications and timing for surgical intervention.

  • Demonstrates knowledge of normal physiology in premature infant, term infant and child
  • Demonstrates knowledge and experience of index neonatal conditions, and recognises indications and urgency for surgical intervention
  • Makes a full assessment of patients by taking a structured history and by performing a focused clinical examination
  • Communicates with parents and families in a clear and understandable way
  • Recognises co-morbidity and medical complications, discussing their management with neonatologists/intensivists
  • Identifies when further therapeutic manoeuvres are not in the patient’s best interests, holds discussions about palliative care
  • Ensures the management plan is explicit and agreed with other members of the multidisciplinary team

Evidence Requirements

The SSG specifies 9 evidence sections. Each section describes what evidence to provide and how to present it.

Evidence of training, qualifications, and employment

Substantial primary evidence for any previous training towards a medical qualification should only be submitted if the training is directly relevant to your capabilities and dates from the past six years.

What to provide

  • CV
  • Employment letters
  • On call rotas
  • Primary medical qualification (PMQ)

How to present

Grouped by employment/training post

Knowledge

You must demonstrate knowledge appropriate for specialist practice in the UK.

What to provide

  • FRCS (Paeds) certificate together with confirmation of this from the JCIE
  • OR A portfolio of knowledge, which shows equivalent knowledge to the curriculum including a detailed, thorough and succinct cross-referencing mapping exercise

How to present

Certificate or detailed mapping exercise

Skills and experience

Clinical experience - evidence of the breadth of clinical experience required to meet the CiP outcomes as defined in the specialty syllabus.

What to provide

  • Logbooks in eLogbook format
  • Consolidation reports (operative group report and SAC indicative procedures report)
  • Workplace Based Assessments (WBAs) including PBAs and CBDs

How to present

Full logbooks should be uploaded per institution and named by Institution and time period. Consolidation reports as separate uploads. WBAs grouped by institution and index procedure.

CPD/Conferences

Evidence of up to date competencies and engagement in CPD.

What to provide

  • APLS or equivalent locally provided course(s)
  • Paediatric cadaveric trauma course
  • Evidence of CPD
  • Evidence of having attended specialist conferences and meetings

How to present

Grouped by activity

Research

Applicants must provide evidence of having met the relevant requirements for research and scholarship as set out under GPC 9.

What to provide

  • A higher degree by research at level 7 or level 8
  • Publications
  • Poster or podium presentations at national or international meetings
  • Evidence of journal club activity
  • GCP course in Research Governance

How to present

At least one piece of evidence submitted for each of the 4 areas of research capabilities.

Medical education and training

Evidence of an understanding of, and participation in, medical education.

What to provide

  • ‘Training the Trainers’ course or equivalent
  • Lecture slides to show involvement in training
  • Timetables showing involvement in training
  • Written structured feedback from those taught
  • Evidence of assessing others (e.g. WBAs)

How to present

Group and upload evidence by teaching activity with a clear description.

Quality Improvement

Evidence of an understanding of, and participation in, audit or quality/service improvement.

What to provide

  • Evidence of completing or supervising three audit or quality/service improvement projects in the last six years (WTE)
  • Slides of an audit presentation
  • Audit reports

How to present

Group and upload evidence by audit activity with a clear description. Provide audits in reverse chronological order.

Management and Leadership

Evidence of leadership and having taken part in a management related activity.

What to provide

  • A course on UK health service management
  • Leadership courses / modules / training / coaching
  • Evidence of having taken part in management and leadership activities (e.g. rota organisation, clinical lead, audit lead, committee chair)

How to present

Group and upload evidence by activity with a clear description.

Additional evidence

Evidence to demonstrate outcomes in appraisal, multidisciplinary working, communication, partnerships, dealing with complaints, and working within legislation.

What to provide

  • Appraisal (two x cycles of recent appraisal)
  • MSF (at least two MSF or equivalent)
  • Referral letters, emails between colleagues
  • Letters demonstrating communication with patients
  • Courses relating to consent
  • Primary evidence of a complaint dealt with, together with learning and reflection
  • Evidence of working within appropriate health and safety legislation
  • Evidence of working within equality and diversity legislation

How to present

Grouped by activity with explanatory statement/cover note if cross-referencing.

Critical Conditions

The SSG requires evidence of managing 51 critical conditions at specified competence levels.

ConditionAssessment TypeMin Level
Inguinal Region (Hernia, Hydrocele)CBD/CEX4
Acute ScrotumCBD/CEX4
Undescended TestesCBD/CEX4
Penis (General) (Phimosis, paraphimosis, infection)CBD/CEX4
The UmbilicusCBD/CEX4
Skin Lesions (including abscesses)CBD/CEX4
Face/Neck lumps and Lymphadenopathy including thyroid/ parathyroid diseasesCBD/CEX4
Functional Endocrine (Diabetes, growth)CBD/CEX4
Disorders of secondary sexual development including GynaecomastiaCBD/CEX4
Trauma in ChildhoodCBD/CEX4
Head InjuriesCBD/CEX4
Abdominal, Pelvic and Thoracic TraumaCBD/CEX4
Thoracic Trauma (Chest drain management)CBD/CEX4
Inhaled and ingested Foreign Bodies; The Ingestion of CorrosivesCBD/CEX4
BurnsCBD/CEX4
Antenatal ConsultationCBD/CEX4
Newborn Physiology and TransportCBD/CEX4
Respiratory distress in the newbornCBD/CEX4
Congenital Diaphragmatic HerniaCBD/CEX4
Oesophageal Atresia and Tracheo-oesophageal FistulaCBD/CEX4
Bowel Obstruction ( Malrotation, Atresia, Mec Ileus, Duplication)CBD/CEX4
Necrotising EnterocolitisCBD/CEX4
Abdominal Wall DefectsCBD/CEX4
Hirschsprung’s DiseaseCBD/CEX4
Anorectal Malformations/ CloacaCBD/CEX4
Vomiting in the First Months of Life (includes GORD)CBD/CEX4
IntussusceptionCBD/CEX4
Acute Abdominal Pain: Appendicitis?CBD/CEX4
Recurrent Abdominal PainCBD/CEX4
ConstipationCBD/CEX4
Gastro Intestinal BleedingCBD/CEX4
Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseCBD/CEX4
Child with an Abdominal Mass ( Wilm’s, Neuroblastoma, Hepatoblastoma, ovarian masses)CBD/CEX4
Spleen and Pancreas (Pancreatitis)CBD/CEX4
Biliary Tract (Cholecystitis, Biliary atresia, Choledochal Cysts)CBD/CEX4
Liver Physiology and diseaseCBD/CEX4
Anus, Perineum and Female Genitalia ( including Pilonidal Abscess)CBD/CEX4
Enteral nutrition ( including gastrostomy and jejunstomy)CBD/CEX4
Parenteral Nutrition and Venous access ( Short bowel Syndrome)CBD/CEX4
The Penis (Higher)(Hypospadias, buried penis, reconstruction)CBD/CEX4
Urinary Tract InfectionCBD/CEX4
Vesico-ureteric Reflux (VUR)CBD/CEX4
Urinary Tract Dilatation /obstructionCBD/CEX4
The Child with WettingCBD/CEX4
The Child with HaematuriaCBD/CEX4
Genitourinary trauma (Including Abuse)CBD/CEX4
Spina BifidaCBD/CEX4
Disorders of sex developmentCBD/CEX4
Chest Wall DeformitiesCBD/CEX4
Trachea and Lungs (Congenital abnormalities)CBD/CEX4
Pleura and Mediastinum (Empyema, Pneumothorax, mediastinal masses)CBD/CEX4

Index Procedures

37 index procedures require procedural-based assessments (PBAs) with specified minimum assessors and competence levels.

ProcedureCategoryMin PBAsMin AssessorsMin Level
CircumcisionGeneral Paediatric Surgery (GPS)4
Inguinal herniotomy, Ligation PPVGeneral Paediatric Surgery (GPS)4
OrchidopexyGeneral Paediatric Surgery (GPS)4
Repair of epigastric hernia, repair of umbilical/supraumbilical herniaGeneral Paediatric Surgery (GPS)4
Pyloromyotomy (open or laparoscopic)Laparoscopy4
Appendicectomy (open or laparoscopic)Laparoscopy4
Diagnostic laparoscopy for abdominal pathology, undescended testisLaparoscopy4
Thyroglossal Cysts/branchial remnant/fistulaHead and Neck3
Central Venous access (open/percutaneous/portacath)Head and Neck4
Trauma laparotomy; packing of abdomen simulated (cadaveric course)Trauma4
Trauma Thoracotomy; Clam-shell, simulated (cadaveric course)Trauma3
Exploration Acute Scrotum (Torted Hydatid; Torsion testis)Urology4
Cystourethroscopy; SPC insertion; PUV resectionUrology4
Ureteric access STING/Stent; Nephrostomy (open/perc)Urology3
Hypospadias repairUrology3
Pyeloplasty (open or laparoscopic) or Nephrectomy (open or lap)Urology3
Reconstructive urology: Bladder Augmentation, Mitrofanoff, ACEUrology3
Surgery for impalpable UDT (open or laparoscopic)Urology4
Peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion/removalUrology3
Upper GI endoscopy and biopsy; Insertion PEG/GastrostomyGastrointestinal4
Fundoplication etcGastrointestinal3
Small bowel resection etcGastrointestinal4
Small/large bowel stoma formation etcGastrointestinal4
Laparotomy for adhesions; Intussusception etcGastrointestinal4
PSARP etcGastrointestinal3
Pull through for Hirschsprungs etcGastrointestinal3
Thoracic Surgery: Chest drain insertion; Pleural debridement Empyema; Lung biopsy/resection; Thoracotomy/VATSThoracic4
Tumour resection (Wilms, Resection Neuroblastoma; Saccrococcygeal teratoma)Oncology3
Tumour biopsy (open/laparoscopic/thoracoscopic)Oncology4
Lymphnode biopsyOncology4
Repair of oesophageal atresia/Tracheo-oesophageal FistulaNeonatal surgery3
Repair of diaphragmatic hernia/eventrationNeonatal surgery4
Repair of abdominal wall defects (gastroschisis, exomphalos)Neonatal surgery4
Surgery to correct malrotation/duodenal atresiaNeonatal surgery4
Surgery for small intestinal pathology (NNEC, creation and closure of ileostomy) intestinal atresia, meconium ileusNeonatal surgery4
Neonatal colorectal surgery (NNEC, colonic atresia, colostomy)/anoplasty/Closure of stomaNeonatal surgery4
Repair of neonatal inguinal herniaNeonatal surgery4

Knowledge Requirements

Primary Path

Joint Committee on Intercollegiate Examinations (JCIE) specialty examination- FRCS (Paeds)

Alternative Path

A portfolio of knowledge, which shows equivalent knowledge to the curriculum, including a detailed, thorough and succinct cross-referencing mapping exercise demonstrating how each JCIE competency has been covered.

Other examinations including overseas qualifications are unlikely on their own to show appropriate level of knowledge. The European Board Examination is unlikely even in combination to show knowledge.

Referee Requirements

4

Referee Reports Required

Last two years of practice (WTE, does not need to be consecutive)

  • Consultants who have observed your practice over the last two years
  • At least two with significant involvement in training and knowledge of assessment processes
  • One from the head of your specialty department

Volume and Assessment Targets

The SSG specifies minimum volume and assessment targets for this specialty.

Neonatal minimum indicative total experience

Experience

Min count: 110

Neonatal minimum indicative total performed

Performed

Min count: 68

Neonatal minimum indicative level 4 PBAs

PBAs

Min count: 18Min level: 4

Minimum indicative total (incl Neonatal) experience

Experience

Min count: 1990

Minimum indicative total (incl Neonatal) performed

Performed

Min count: 1300

Minimum indicative total level 4 PBAs

PBAs

Min count: 72Min level: 4

Audit or quality/service improvement projects

Projects

Min count: 3Last six years (WTE)

Appraisal cycles

Appraisals

Min count: 2Recent (one in the last year WTE)

Multi-Source Feedback (MSF)

MSF

Min count: 2

Currency Window & Evidence Volume

Currency Window

6

Years

Evidence drawn from the last six years of clinical practice prior to submission (WTE, does not need to be consecutive). If you have had a break in practice in the last six calendar years, 50% of your evidence of competency in the critical conditions (CBDs) and emergency index procedures (PBAs) should be drawn from the last 2 years clinical practice.

Evidence Volume

800-1000 pages

Additional Notes

Unbundling of cases, i.e. splitting up standard operations into two or more parts, in order to count operations as multiple cases on one patient is not permitted. One patient = one operation.

Logbooks should be set out in the eLogbook format.

Do not submit original documents. You must provide your evidence electronically, anonymised, verified, and translated if not in English.

If you have been out of practice for six months or more directly prior to submission you may wish to defer your application until you have returned to practice.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Paediatric Surgery CESR portfolio?
The Paediatric Surgery CESR portfolio is a collection of evidence demonstrating equivalence to UK CCT standards, submitted via the GMC Portfolio Pathway. It is assessed against the Specialty Specific Guidance for Paediatric Surgery.
How many framework units does Paediatric Surgery require?
The Paediatric Surgery SSG defines 6 Capabilities in Practice (CiPs) and 9 evidence sections.
What evidence is required for Paediatric Surgery specialist registration?
Evidence requirements are defined in 9 sections covering areas such as Evidence of training, qualifications, and employment, Knowledge, Skills and experience, and more.
How long is the currency window for Paediatric Surgery?
The currency window for Paediatric Surgery is 6 years. Evidence drawn from the last six years of clinical practice prior to submission (WTE, does not need to be consecutive). If you have had a break in practice in the last six calendar years, 50% of your evidence of competency in the critical conditions (CBDs) and emergency index procedures (PBAs) should be drawn from the last 2 years clinical practice.
What index procedures are required for Paediatric Surgery?
Paediatric Surgery requires procedural-based assessments for 37 index procedures across the specialty.

Start Your Paediatric Surgery Portfolio

Map your evidence to the Paediatric Surgery framework, track readiness, and export your GMC submission.